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Maven Web应用

本教程将教你如何管理使用Maven版本控制系统管理一个基于Web项目。在这里，将学习如何创建/构建/部署和运行Web应用程序：

创建Web应用程序

要创建一个简单的java web应用程序，我们将使用Maven的原型 - web应用插件。因此，让我们打开命令控制台，进入到C：/ MVN目录并执行以下命令mvn命令。

 C:/MVN>mvn archetype:generate  -DgroupId=com.companyname.automobile  -DartifactId=trucks -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp  -DinteractiveMode=false

Maven会开始处理，并建立完整的基于Web的Java应用程序项目结构。

 [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] Searching repository for plugin with prefix: 'archetype'. [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Building Maven Default Project [INFO]    task-segment: [archetype:generate] (aggregator-style) [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Preparing archetype:generate [INFO] No goals needed for project - skipping [INFO] [archetype:generate {execution: default-cli}] [INFO] Generating project in Batch mode [INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Using following parameters for creating project  from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-webapp:1.0 [INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.companyname.automobile [INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.companyname.automobile [INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.companyname.automobile [INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: trucks [INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: C:/MVN [INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT [INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: C:/MVN/trucks [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Total time: 16 seconds [INFO] Finished at: Tue Jul 17 11:00:00 IST 2012 [INFO] Final Memory: 20M/89M [INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------

现在去到C:/ MVN目录。您将看到创建了一个名为trucks （如artifactId指定）一个java应用程序项目。

Maven使用标准的目录结构。用上面的例子中，我们可以了解到以下关键概念

文件夹结构	描述
trucks	contains src folder and pom.xml
src/main/webapp	contains index.jsp and WEB-INF folder.
src/main/webapp/WEB-INF	contains web.xml
src/main/resources	it contains images/properties files .

POM.xml

 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0     http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <groupId>com.companyname.automobile</groupId>    <artifactId>trucks</artifactId>    <packaging>war</packaging>    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    <name>trucks Maven Webapp</name>    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>    <dependencies>       <dependency>          <groupId>junit</groupId>          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>          <version>3.8.1</version>          <scope>test</scope>       </dependency>    </dependencies>    <build>       <finalName>trucks</finalName>    </build> </project>

Maven还创建了一个示例JSP源文件

打开 C:/ > MVN > trucks > src > main > webapp > 文件夹，你会看到index.jsp。

 <html>    <body>       <h2>Hello World!</h2>    </body> </html>

构建Web应用程序

让我们打开命令控制台，进入到C:/MVN/trucks目录并执行以下命令mvn命令。

 C:/MVN/trucks>mvn clean package

Maven将开始建设该项目。

 [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Building trucks Maven Webapp [INFO]    task-segment: [clean, package] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] [clean:clean {execution: default-clean}] [INFO] [resources:resources {execution: default-resources}] [WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to  copy filtered resources,i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Copying 0 resource [INFO] [compiler:compile {execution: default-compile}] [INFO] No sources to compile [INFO] [resources:testResources {execution: default-testResources}] [WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to  copy filtered resources,i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory  C:/MVN/trucks/src/test/resources [INFO] [compiler:testCompile {execution: default-testCompile}] [INFO] No sources to compile [INFO] [surefire:test {execution: default-test}] [INFO] No tests to run. [INFO] [war:war {execution: default-war}] [INFO] Packaging webapp [INFO] Assembling webapp[trucks] in [C:/MVN/trucks/target/trucks] [INFO] Processing war project [INFO] Copying webapp resources[C:/MVN/trucks/src/main/webapp] [INFO] Webapp assembled in[77 msecs] [INFO] Building war: C:/MVN/trucks/target/trucks.war [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Total time: 3 seconds [INFO] Finished at: Tue Jul 17 11:22:45 IST 2012 [INFO] Final Memory: 11M/85M [INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------