问题现象:
	
		- 
			SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
 
- 
			alter database open resetlogs
 
- 
			*
 
- 
			ERROR at line 1:
 
- 
			ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup
 
- 
			ORA-01110: data file 1: '/DBSoft/oracle/oradata/woo/system01.dbf'
		
 
日志中报错:
	
		- 
			alter database open
 
- 
			Errors in file /DBSoft/oracle/diag/rdbms/woo/woo/trace/woo_ora_24956.trc:
 
- 
			ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open
 
- 
			ORA-1589 signalled during: alter database open...
 
- 
			Sun Dec 24 05:44:45 2017
 
- 
			Signalling error 1152 for datafile 
 
- 
			Signalling error 1152 for datafile 
 
- 
			Signalling error 1152 for datafile 
 
- 
			Signalling error 1152 for datafile 
 
- 
			Signalling error 1152 for datafile 
 
- 
			Checker run found 5 new persistent data failures
 
- 
			Sun Dec 24 05:44:51 2017
 
- 
			alter database open resetlogs
 
- 
			Signalling error 1152 for datafile 
 
- 
			ORA-1152 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...
		
 
问题分析:
做完recover database正要起库,发现data file 1需要恢复,那么这个时候就应该要想到需要做不完全恢复了。那么不完全恢复自然有四种,基于时间(time)恢复
  基于取消(cancel)恢复
  基于SCN(change)恢复
  基于备份控制文件(unsing backup controlfile)的恢复,那么接下来我们需要了解下,用那种方式最合适了。
查看scn信息:
查看数据文件头部的scn信息:
	
		- 
			SQL> select checkpoint_change# from v$datafile_header;
 
- 
			
 
- 
			CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
 
- 
			------------------
 
- 
			       2247792
 
- 
			       2247792
 
- 
			       2247792
 
- 
			       2247792
 
- 
			       2247792
		
 
查看控制文件中记录的scn头部信息:
	
		- 
			SQL> select checkpoint_change# from v$datafile;
 
- 
			
 
- 
			CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
 
- 
			------------------
 
- 
			       2247974
 
- 
			       2247974
 
- 
			       2247974
 
- 
			       2247974
 
- 
			       2247974
		
 
      在这里我们可以很清楚的看到控制文件中记录的scn信息比数据文件头部记录的scn信息更新,且所有数据文件头部信息是一致的,由此可以快速得出,我们将数据库恢复到数据文件的scn这样数据库就可以打开了。
做基于文件头部的scn恢复:
	
		- 
			SQL> recover database until change 2247792;
 
- 
			ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
 
- 
			ORA-01610: recovery using the BACKUP CONTROLFILE option must be done
		
 
        提示需要使用控制文件来做基于scn的恢复。
使用控制文件来做基于scn的恢复:
	
		- 
			SQL> recover database until change 2247792 using backup controlfile;
 
- 
			Media recovery complete.
		
		  SQL> select * from v$recover_file
     FILE# ONLINE  ONLINE_ ERROR	 CHANGE# TIME
---------- ------- ------- ---------- ---------- ------------------
1 ONLINE  ONLINE		 2247792 23-DEC-17
2 ONLINE  ONLINE		 2247792 23-DEC-17
3 ONLINE  ONLINE		 2247792 23-DEC-17
4 ONLINE  ONLINE		 2247792 23-DEC-17
5 ONLINE  ONLINE		 2247792 23-DEC-17
	
 
恢复完成之后,执行open resetlogs:
	
		- 
			SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
 
- 
			
 
- 
			Database altered.
		
 
检查:
	
		- 
			SQL> col error format a10;
 
- 
			SQL> select * from v$recover_file;
 
- 
			
 
- 
			no rows selected
 
- 
			
 
- 
			SQL> select checkpoint_change# from v$datafile_header;
 
- 
			
 
- 
			CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
 
- 
			------------------
 
- 
			       2247797
 
- 
			       2247797
 
- 
			       2247797
 
- 
			       2247797
 
- 
			       2247797
 
- 
			
 
- 
			SQL> select checkpoint_change# from v$datafile;
 
- 
			
 
- 
			CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
 
- 
			------------------
 
- 
			       2247797
 
- 
			       2247797
 
- 
			       2247797
 
- 
			       2247797
 
- 
			       2247797
		
 
总结:必须保证数据文件头部的scn和控制文件中的scn信息保持一致,数据库才能打开,那么正常恢复将遵循就近,就小来恢复。