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iOS数据埋点统计方案选型(附Demo):运行时Method Swizzling机制与AOP编程(面向切面编程)

  • 统计UIViewController加载次数
  • 统计UIButton点击次数
  • 统计自定义方法的执行
  • 统计UITableView的Cell点击事件

工程说明,首页ViewController的view上添加Test1ViewController,其中有4个按钮,点击第一个按钮打印,第二个到第四个按钮分别跳转到Test2ViewController,Test3ViewController,Test4ViewController。

技术选型:

  • 复制统计的代码逻辑一个个地粘贴到需要统计的类和方法中去。工作量大,可维护性差,仅适用统计埋点极少的情况。
  • 通过运行时Runtime的办法 -- 利用Method Swizzling机制进行方法替换:替换原来的需要在里面统计却不含统计逻辑的方法 为 新的包含了统计逻辑的方法。
  • 通过AOP的方法 -- 利用Aspect框架对需要进行统计的方法进行挂钩(hook),并注入包含了统计逻辑的代码块(block)。

2. 为VC设计的分类:运行时Method Swizzling方案

iOS数据埋点统计方案选型(附Demo):运行时Method Swizzling机制与AOP编程(面向切面编程)

场景需求:需要监听全局的某一类的同一方法

这种方案被监听的方法单一,但会影响全局的所有的类的该方法。例如下面的分类,即使你不 import ,只要存在于工程就会影响。

  • UIViewController+Trace
#import "UIViewController+Trace.h"
#import "TraceHandler.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
#import <objc/objc.h>
#import "Aspects.h"


@implementation UIViewController (Trace)

#pragma mark - 1.自定义实现方法
+ (void)load{
    swizzleMethod([self class], @selector(viewDidAppear:), @selector(swizzled_viewDidAppear:));
}

- (void)swizzled_viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated{
    // call original implementation
    [self swizzled_viewDidAppear:animated];
    // Begin statistics Event
    [TraceHandler statisticsWithEventName:@"UIViewController"];
}

void swizzleMethod(Class class,SEL originalSelector,SEL swizzledSelector){
    // the method might not exist in the class, but in its superclass
    Method originalMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(class, originalSelector);
    Method swizzledMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(class, swizzledSelector);

    // class_addMethod will fail if original method already exists
    BOOL didAddMethod = class_addMethod(class, originalSelector, method_getImplementation(swizzledMethod), method_getTypeEncoding(swizzledMethod));

    // the method doesn’t exist and we just added one
    if (didAddMethod) {
        class_replaceMethod(class, swizzledSelector, method_getImplementation(originalMethod), method_getTypeEncoding(originalMethod));
    }
    else {
        method_exchangeImplementations(originalMethod, swizzledMethod);
    }
}

@end
  • TraceHandler.m
#import "TraceHandler.h"

@implementation TraceHandler

+ (void)statisticsWithEventName:(NSString *)eventName{
    NSLog(@"-----> %@",eventName);
}

@end

3. 为VC设计的分类:AOP编程方案

iOS数据埋点统计方案选型(附Demo):运行时Method Swizzling机制与AOP编程(面向切面编程)

场景需求:该方案的适用特点同上第二节。

Aspects 是iOS平台一个轻量级的面向切面编程(AOP)框架,只包括两个方法:一个类方法,一个实例方法。

+ (id<AspectToken>)aspect_hookSelector:(SEL)selector
                      withOptions:(AspectOptions)options
                       usingBlock:(id)block
                            error:(NSError **)error;
- (id<AspectToken>)aspect_hookSelector:(SEL)selector
                      withOptions:(AspectOptions)options
                       usingBlock:(id)block
                            error:(NSError **)error;

函数使用方式简单易懂,挂钩的方式为三种:

typedef NS_OPTIONS(NSUInteger, AspectOptions) {
    AspectPositionAfter   = 0,            /// 在原始方法后调用(默认)
    AspectPositionInstead = 1,            /// 替换原始方法
    AspectPositionBefore  = 2,            /// 在原始方法前调用
    
    AspectOptionAutomaticRemoval = 1 << 3 /// 在执行1次后自动移除
};

调用示例代码:

[UIViewController aspect_hookSelector:@selector(viewWillAppear:) withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id<AspectInfo> aspectInfo, BOOL animated) {
    NSLog(@"View Controller %@ will appear animated: %tu", aspectInfo.instance, animated);
} error:NULL];

这段代码是给UIViewController的viewWillAppear:挂钩一个Block,在原始方法执行完成后,打印字符串。

  • UIViewController+Trace
#pragma mark - 2.使用Aspects框架
+ (void)load{
    [UIViewController aspect_hookSelector:@selector(viewDidAppear:)
                              withOptions:AspectPositionAfter
                               usingBlock:^(id<AspectInfo>aspectInfo){
                                   NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([[aspectInfo instance] class]);;
                                   [TraceHandler statisticsWithEventName:className];
                               } error:nil];
}

4. 为全局AppDelegate设计的分类:AOP编程方案

场景需求:需要监听不同类,不同按钮,系统方法,及表单元点击事件

方案特点:是可代码配置需要监听的清单字典,并且需要注入的统计代码块block也可以写在这个清单里面。

  • AppDelegate+Trace.m
#import "AppDelegate+Trace.h"
#import "TraceManager.h"

@implementation AppDelegate (Trace)

+ (void)setupLogging{
    NSDictionary *configDic = @{
                                @"ViewController":@{
                                        @"des":@"show ViewController",
                                        },
                                @"Test1ViewController":@{
                                        @"des":@"show Test1ViewController",
                                        @"TrackEvents":@[@{
                                                             @"EventDes":@"click action1",
                                                             @"EventSelectorName":@"action1",
                                                             @"block":^(id<AspectInfo>aspectInfo){
                                                                 NSLog(@"统计 Test1ViewController action1 点击事件");
                                                             },
                                                             },
                                                         @{
                                                             @"EventDes":@"click action2",
                                                             @"EventSelectorName":@"action2",
                                                             @"block":^(id<AspectInfo>aspectInfo){
                                                                 NSLog(@"统计 Test1ViewController action2 点击事件");
                                                             },
                                                             }],
                                        },
                                @"Test2ViewController":@{
                                        @"des":@"show Test2ViewController",
                                        }
                                };
    
    [TraceManager setUpWithConfig:configDic];
}

@end
  • TraceManager.m
#import "TraceManager.h"

@import UIKit;

typedef void (^AspectHandlerBlock)(id<AspectInfo> aspectInfo);

@implementation TraceManager

+ (void)setUpWithConfig:(NSDictionary *)configDic{
    // hook 所有页面的viewDidAppear事件
    [UIViewController aspect_hookSelector:@selector(viewDidAppear:)
                              withOptions:AspectPositionAfter
                               usingBlock:^(id<AspectInfo> aspectInfo){
                                   dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
                                       NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([[aspectInfo instance] class]);
                                       NSString *des = configDic[className][@"des"];
                                       if (des) {
                                           NSLog(@"%@",des);
                                       }
                                   });
                               } error:NULL];
    
    for (NSString *className in configDic) {
        Class clazz = NSClassFromString(className);
        NSDictionary *config = configDic[className];
        
        if (config[@"TrackEvents"]) {
            for (NSDictionary *event in config[@"TrackEvents"]) {
                SEL selekor = NSSelectorFromString(event[@"EventSelectorName"]);
                AspectHandlerBlock block = event[@"block"];
                
                [clazz aspect_hookSelector:selekor
                               withOptions:AspectPositionAfter
                                usingBlock:^(id<AspectInfo> aspectInfo){
                                    dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
                                        block(aspectInfo);
                                    });
                                }error:NULL];
            }
        }
    }
}

@end

5. 在AppDelegate的类方法中根据Plist监听清单进行HOOK

场景需求:需要监听不同类,不同按钮,系统方法,及表单元点击事件

方案特点:是可代码配置需要监听的清单Plist,但是不能将需要注入的统计代码块block写在这个清单Plist里面。

  • EventList.plist
iOS数据埋点统计方案选型(附Demo):运行时Method Swizzling机制与AOP编程(面向切面编程)
  • AspectMananer.m
#pragma mark --- 监控button的点击事件
+ (void)trackBttonEvent{
    
    __weak typeof(self) ws = self;
    
    //设置事件统计
    //放到异步线程去执行
    dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
        //读取配置文件,获取需要统计的事件列表
        NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"EventList" ofType:@"plist"];
        NSDictionary *eventStatisticsDict = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:path];
        for (NSString *classNameString in eventStatisticsDict.allKeys) {
            //使用运行时创建类对象
            const char * className = [classNameString UTF8String];
            //从一个字串返回一个类
            Class newClass = objc_getClass(className);
            
            NSArray *pageEventList = [eventStatisticsDict objectForKey:classNameString];
            for (NSDictionary *eventDict in pageEventList) {
                //事件方法名称
                NSString *eventMethodName = eventDict[@"MethodName"];
                SEL seletor = NSSelectorFromString(eventMethodName);
                NSString *eventId = eventDict[@"EventId"];
                
                [ws trackEventWithClass:newClass selector:seletor eventID:eventId];
                [ws trackTableViewEventWithClass:newClass selector:seletor eventID:eventId];
                [ws trackParameterEventWithClass:newClass selector:seletor eventID:eventId];
            }
        }
    });
}



#pragma mark -- 1.监控button和tap点击事件(不带参数)
+ (void)trackEventWithClass:(Class)klass selector:(SEL)selector eventID:(NSString*)eventID{
    
    [klass aspect_hookSelector:selector withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id<AspectInfo> aspectInfo) {
        
        NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([aspectInfo.instance class]);
        NSLog(@"className--->%@",className);
        NSLog(@"event----->%@",eventID);
        if ([eventID isEqualToString:@"xxx"]) {
//            [EJServiceUserInfo isLogin]?[MobClick event:eventID]:[MobClick event:@"???"];
        }else{
//            [MobClick event:eventID];
        }
    } error:NULL];
}


#pragma mark -- 2.监控button和tap点击事件(带参数)
+ (void)trackParameterEventWithClass:(Class)klass selector:(SEL)selector eventID:(NSString*)eventID{
    
    [klass aspect_hookSelector:selector withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id<AspectInfo> aspectInfo,UIButton *button) {
        
        NSLog(@"button---->%@",button);
        NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([aspectInfo.instance class]);
        NSLog(@"className--->%@",className);
        NSLog(@"event----->%@",eventID);
        
    } error:NULL];
}


#pragma mark -- 3.监控tableView的点击事件
+ (void)trackTableViewEventWithClass:(Class)klass selector:(SEL)selector eventID:(NSString*)eventID{
    
    [klass aspect_hookSelector:selector withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id<AspectInfo> aspectInfo,NSSet *touches, UIEvent *event) {
        
        NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([aspectInfo.instance class]);
        NSLog(@"className--->%@",className);
        NSLog(@"event----->%@",eventID);
        NSLog(@"section---->%@",[event valueForKeyPath:@"section"]);
        NSLog(@"row---->%@",[event valueForKeyPath:@"row"]);
        NSInteger section = [[event valueForKeyPath:@"section"]integerValue];
        NSInteger row = [[event valueForKeyPath:@"row"]integerValue];
        
        //统计事件
        if (section == 0 && row == 1) {
//            [MobClick event:eventID];
        }
        
    } error:NULL];
}
  • Appdelegate.m调用
[AspectMananer trackBttonEvent];
原文  https://juejin.im/post/5ae28f686fb9a07aaf34ee27
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