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Java微服务(二):服务消费者与提供者搭建

本文接着上一篇写的《 Java微服务(一):dubbo-admin控制台的使用 》,上篇文章介绍了docker,zookeeper环境的安装,并参考dubbo官网演示了dubbo-admin控制台的使用。上篇文章已经搭建好zookeeper服务注册中心,本片文章主要搭建服务消费者和服务提供者。按照微服务的原则,本文将demo分为3部分:服务接口、服务消费者、服务消费者。

服务接口:定义了系统所需要的全部接口。

服务提供者:主要是对接口的实现。

服务消费者:对接口的使用

1.Dubbo介绍

Java微服务(二):服务消费者与提供者搭建

节点 角色说明
Provider 暴露服务的服务提供方
Consumer 调用远程服务的服务消费方
Registry 服务注册与发现的注册中心
Monitor 统计服务的调用次数和调用时间的监控中心
Container 服务运行容器

Dubbo 架构具有以下几个特点,分别是连通性、健壮性、伸缩性、以及向未来架构的升级性。

调用关系说明

  1. 服务容器负责启动,加载,运行服务提供者。
  2. 服务提供者在启动时,向注册中心注册自己提供的服务。
  3. 服务消费者在启动时,向注册中心订阅自己所需的服务。
  4. 注册中心返回服务提供者地址列表给消费者,如果有变更,注册中心将基于长连接推送变更数据给消费者。
  5. 服务消费者,从提供者地址列表中,基于软负载均衡算法,选一台提供者进行调用,如果调用失败,再选另一台调用。
  6. 服务消费者和提供者,在内存中累计调用次数和调用时间,定时每分钟发送一次统计数据到监控中心。

Dubbo 架构具有以下几个特点,分别是连通性、健壮性、伸缩性、以及向未来架构的升级性。

更详细的介绍,请参考官网: http://dubbo.apache.org/en-us/

2.服务接口

通过idea创建一个jar工程,创建工程的过程可以参考《 Spring boot 入门(一):快速搭建Spring boot项目 》, 此工程的目的只是简单的定义接口,所以 这里直接创建jar包,不是maven工程 。创建好了后,新建一个接口。以下是我创建的接口:

Java微服务(二):服务消费者与提供者搭建

其中UserService代码如下:

1 package com.edu.hello.dubbo.service.user.api;
2 
3 public interface UserService {
4     String sayHi();
5 }

创建完接口后,需要把接口install到本地仓库,供服务消费者和服务提供者使用

在Terminal直接指向mvn clean install或者直接在lifecycle目录下点击install进行安装,出现如下页面,表示安装成功

Java微服务(二):服务消费者与提供者搭建

3.服务提供者

服务提供者主要是对接口的实现,用相同的方法创建一个maven工程,创建好后的maven工程目录如下:

Java微服务(二):服务消费者与提供者搭建

其中UserServicelmpl是多接口的实现,代码如下:

 1 package com.edu.hello.dubbo.service.user.provider.api.impl;
 2 
 3 import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
 4 import com.edu.hello.dubbo.service.user.api.UserService;
 5 import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
 6 import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty;
 7 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
 8 
 9 /**
10  * @ClassName UserServiceImpl
11  * @Deccription TODO
12  * @Author DZ
13  * @Date 2019/8/31 11:20
14  **/
15 @Service(version = "${user.service.version}")
16 public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
17 
18     @Value("${dubbo.protocol.port}")
19     private String port;
20 
21     /*@HystrixCommand(commandProperties = {
22             @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.requestVolumeThreshold", value = "10"),
23             @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "2000")
24     })*/
25     @Override
26     public String sayHi() {
27         return "Say Hello, i am from " + port;
28     }
29 }

其中@HystrixCommand注解在后面熔断器中会讲到,这里先注释。

yml配置如下:


 1 spring:
 2   application:
 3     name: hello-dubbo-service-user-provider
 4 
 5 user:
 6   service:
 7     version: 1.0.0
 8 
 9 dubbo:
10   scan:
11     basePackages: com.edu.hello.dubbo.service.user.provider.api
12   application:
13     id: hello-dubbo-service-user-provider
14     name: hello-dubbo-service-user-provider
15     qos-port: 22222
16     qos-enable: true
17   protocol:
18     id: dubbo
19     name: dubbo
20     port: 12346
21     status: server
22     serialization: kryo #高速序列化
23     # optimizer:
24 
25   registry:
26     id: zookeeper
27     address: zookeeper://192.168.1.12:2181?back=192.168.1.12:2182,192.168.1.12:2183
28   provider:
29     loadbalance: roundrobin #负载均衡
30 
31 
32 
33 management:
34   endpoint:
35     dubbo:
36       enable: true
37     dubbo-shutdown:
38       enabled: true
39     dubbo-configs:
40       enabled: true
41     dubbo-services:
42       enabled: true
43     dubbo-references:
44       enabled: true
45     dubbo-peoperties:
46       enabled: true
47   health:
48     dubbo:
49       status:
50         defaults: memory
51         extras: load,threadpool

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pom文件如下:


 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 3          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 4     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 5     <parent>
 6         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 7         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
 8         <version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version>
 9         <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
10     </parent>
11     <groupId>com.edu</groupId>
12     <artifactId>hello-dubbo-service-user-provider</artifactId>
13     <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
14     <name>hello-dubbo-service-user-provider</name>
15     <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
16 
17     <properties>
18         <java.version>1.8</java.version>
19     </properties>
20 
21     <dependencies>
22         <dependency>
23             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
24             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
25         </dependency>
26         <dependency>
27             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
28             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
29         </dependency>
30         <dependency>
31             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
32             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
33             <scope>test</scope>
34         </dependency>
35         <dependency>
36             <groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId>
37             <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
38             <version>0.2.0</version>
39         </dependency>
40         <dependency>
41             <groupId>com.edu</groupId>
42             <artifactId>hello-dubbo-service-user-api</artifactId>
43             <version>${project.version}</version>
44         </dependency>
45         <dependency>
46             <groupId>de.javakaffee</groupId>
47             <artifactId>kryo-serializers</artifactId>
48             <version>0.42</version>
49         </dependency>
50         <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-hystrix -->
51         <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix -->
52         <dependency>
53             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
54             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
55             <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
56         </dependency>
57         <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard -->
58         <dependency>
59             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
60             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
61             <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
62         </dependency>
63 
64 
65 
66     </dependencies>
67 
68     <build>
69         <plugins>
70             <plugin>
71                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
72                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
73             </plugin>
74         </plugins>
75     </build>
76 
77 </project>

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本文pom文件和yml文件主要是根据dubbo官网中服务提供者的pom文件中的依赖而来,具体参考: https://github.com/apache/dubbo-spring-boot-project/tree/master/dubbo-spring-boot-samples/dubbo-registry-zookeeper-samples 。

Java微服务(二):服务消费者与提供者搭建

Java微服务(二):服务消费者与提供者搭建

注意basePackages注解

4.服务提供者

按照相同的方式创建服务提供者,配置文件和服务提供者也类似,直接贴代码了

Java微服务(二):服务消费者与提供者搭建

 1 package com.edu.hello.dubbo.service.user.consumer.controller;
 2 
 3 
 4 import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
 5 import com.edu.hello.dubbo.service.user.api.UserService;
 6 import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
 7 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 8 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
 9 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
10 
11 /**
12  * @ClassName UserController
13  * @Deccription TODO
14  * @Author DZ
15  * @Date 2019/8/31 18:37
16  **/
17 @RestController
18 public class UserController {
19 
20     @Reference(version = "${user.service.version}")
21     private UserService userService;
22 
23     @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "sayHiError")
24     @RequestMapping(value = "hi", method = RequestMethod.GET)
25     public String sayHi() {
26         return userService.sayHi();
27     }
28 
29     public String sayHiError() {
30         return "Hystrix fallback";
31     }
32 }

Java微服务(二):服务消费者与提供者搭建

yml配置文件和pom配置文件和提供者基本类似;


 1 spring:
 2   application:
 3     name: hello-dubbo-service-user-consumer
 4 
 5 user:
 6   service:
 7     version: 1.0.0
 8 
 9 dubbo:
10   scan:
11     basePackages: com.edu.hello.dubbo.service.user.consumer.controller
12   application:
13     id: hello-dubbo-service-user-consumer
14     name: hello-dubbo-service-user-consumer
15     qos-port: 22223
16     qos-enable: true
17   protocol:
18     id: dubbo
19     name: dubbo
20     port: 12345
21     #status: server
22     serialization: kryo
23   registry:
24     id: zookeeper
25     address: zookeeper://192.168.1.12:2181?back=192.168.1.12:2182,192.168.1.12:2183
26 
27 
28 management:
29   endpoint:
30     dubbo:
31       enable: true
32     dubbo-shutdown:
33       enabled: true
34     dubbo-configs:
35       enabled: true
36     dubbo-services:
37       enabled: true
38     dubbo-references:
39       enabled: true
40     dubbo-peoperties:
41       enabled: true
42   health:
43     dubbo:
44       status:
45         defaults: memory
46         extras: load,threadpool
47 server:
48   port: 9090

View Code

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 3          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 4     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 5     <parent>
 6         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 7         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
 8         <version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version>
 9         <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
10     </parent>
11     <groupId>com.edu</groupId>
12     <artifactId>hello-dubbo-service-user-consumer</artifactId>
13     <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
14     <name>hello-dubbo-service-user-consumer</name>
15     <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
16 
17     <properties>
18         <java.version>1.8</java.version>
19     </properties>
20 
21     <dependencies>
22         <dependency>
23             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
24             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
25         </dependency>
26         <dependency>
27             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
28             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
29         </dependency>
30         <dependency>
31             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
32             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
33             <scope>test</scope>
34         </dependency>
35         <dependency>
36             <groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId>
37             <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
38             <version>0.2.0</version>
39         </dependency>
40         <dependency>
41             <groupId>com.edu</groupId>
42             <artifactId>hello-dubbo-service-user-api</artifactId>
43             <version>${project.version}</version>
44         </dependency>
45         <dependency>
46             <groupId>de.javakaffee</groupId>
47             <artifactId>kryo-serializers</artifactId>
48             <version>0.42</version>
49         </dependency>
50         <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-hystrix -->
51         <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix -->
52         <dependency>
53             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
54             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
55             <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
56         </dependency>
57         <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard -->
58         <dependency>
59             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
60             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
61             <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
62         </dependency>
63     </dependencies>
64 
65     <build>
66         <plugins>
67             <plugin>
68                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
69                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
70                 <configuration>
71                     <mainClass>com.edu.hello.dubbo.service.user.consumer.HelloDubboServiceUserConsumerApplication</mainClass>
72                 </configuration>
73             </plugin>
74         </plugins>
75     </build>
76 
77 </project>

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这里面关于服务熔断和负载均衡的的代码可以暂时不关注,后面会专门对熔断进行讨论。

5 .结果

分别启动服务消费者和服务提供者,启动成功后,如下:

Java微服务(二):服务消费者与提供者搭建

访问 http://localhost:9090/hi

Java微服务(二):服务消费者与提供者搭建

同时我们可以启动dubbo-admin控制台查看服务, 注意端口的冲突

Java微服务(二):服务消费者与提供者搭建

原文  http://www.cnblogs.com/dz-boss/p/11485020.html
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