R读入多位小数点问题
在读入excel和csv的数据的时候总是回碰到小数点的问题，不能正确的显示。早就该弃用 read.csv 这个函数。
现在来介绍两个比较好的读入数据的包，Hadley出品 —— readxl & readr
测试数据：
函数介绍：
readxl::read_excel("test.xlsx",col_names = F,col_types = rep("numeric",3)) col_types 一共有四种模式可选： "blank", "numeric", "date" or "text"。 blank 就是skip这一列，其他的三个都很好理解。
vignette("column-types") #参考这里的文档 readr::read_csv("test.csv",col_names = F,col_types = cols(X1="d",X2=col_skip(),X3="d"))这里的col_types 更为丰富，
-
col_logical()[l], containing onlyT,F,TRUEorFALSE. -
col_integer()[i], integers. -
col_double()[d], doubles. -
col_character()[c], everything else. -
col_date(format = "")[D]: Y-m-d dates. -
col_datetime(format = "")[T]: ISO8601 date times -
col_number()[n], finds the first number in the field. A number is definedas a sequence of -, "0-9",
decimal_markandgrouping_mark. This is useful for currencies and percentages.
decimal_mark 这个是在 locale() 里面设置的，具体见帮助文档 vignette("locales") .
You can also manually specify other column types:
-
col_skip()[ _, -], don't import this column. -
col_date(format), dates with given format. -
col_datetime(format, tz), date times with given format. If the timezone is UTC (the default), this is >20x faster than loading then parsing withstrptime(). -
col_time(format), times. Returned as number of seconds past midnight. -
col_factor(levels, ordered), parse a fixed set of known values into a factor
例子
read_csv("iris.csv", col_types = cols( Sepal.Length = "d", Sepal.Width = "d", Petal.Length = "d", Petal.Width = "d", Species = col_factor(c("setosa", "versicolor", "virginica")) ))读入数据后，我们往往会碰到这样的东西
a$X3 [1] 3.000000e-06 1.237595e+06 解决办法:
formattable::digits(a$X3,7) [1] 0.0000030 1237594.5455460这个formattable包还有很多的用途，详情见： http://renkun.me/formattable/
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