在Javaweb开发中,需要使用大量的jar包,我们手动去导入;
如何能够让一个东西自动帮我导入和配置这个jar包。
由此,Maven诞生了!
我们目前用来就是方便导入jar包的!
Maven的核心思想: 约定大于配置
Maven会规定好你该如何去编写我们的Java代码,必须要按照这个规范来;
官网; https://maven.apache.org/
下载完成后,解压即可;
在我们的系统环境变量中
配置如下配置:
测试:命令行窗口输入 mvn -version
测试Maven是否安装成功,保证必须配置完毕!
<mirror>
    <id>nexus-aliyun</id>  
    <mirrorOf>*,!jeecg,!jeecg-snapshots</mirrorOf>  
    <name>Nexus aliyun</name>  
    <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url> 
</mirror> 
 在本地的仓库,远程仓库;
建立一个本地仓库:localRepository
<localRepository>E:/JavaWeb/apache-maven-3.6.3/maven-repo/localRepository>
启动IDEA
创建一个MavenWeb项目
 
 
等待项目初始化完毕
 
 
观察maven仓库中多了什么东西?
 
   IDEA中的Maven设置
注意:IDEA项目创建成功后,看一眼Maven的配置
 
 
不勾选Create from archetype,下一步
自动导入
自动生成干净的maven
 
  
 
若没找到,点击更多
 
 解决警告问题
 
 
必须要的配置: 为什么会有这个问题:我们访问一个网站,需要指定一个文件夹名字;
 
 
运行一下:连接成功
 
 
pom.xml 是Maven的核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--Maven版本和头文件-->
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<!--这里是刚才配置的GAV-->
  <groupId>com.wan</groupId>
  <artifactId>JavaWeb-Maven01</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <!--项目的打包方式
  jar:java应用
  war:JavaWeb应用-->
  <packaging>war</packaging>
<!--可以删除下面相关信息-->
  <name>JavaWeb-Maven01 Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>
<!--配置-->
  <properties>
<!--    项目的默认构造编码-->
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>
<!--项目依赖-->
  <dependencies>
<!--    具体项目jar依赖的配置文件-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>JavaWeb-Maven01</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project> 
  
 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--Maven版本和头文件-->
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <!--这里就是我们刚才配置的GAV-->
  <groupId>com.kuang</groupId>
  <artifactId>javaweb-01-maven</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <!--Package:项目的打包方式
  jar:java应用
  war:JavaWeb应用
  -->
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <!--配置-->
  <properties>
    <!--项目的默认构建编码-->
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <!--编码版本-->
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>
  <!--项目依赖-->
  <dependencies>
    <!--具体依赖的jar包配置文件-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <!--项目构建用的东西-->
  <build>
    <finalName>javaweb-01-maven</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project> 
  
 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.wan</groupId>
    <artifactId>JavaWeb-Maven02</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<!--添加项目依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--    具体项目jar依赖的配置文件-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project> 
 maven资源导出问题
解决方案:
<!--在build中配置resources,来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build> 
 生成目录树
 
 
Maven 3.6.3
解决方法:降级为3.6.2
如果问题还没有解决就继续降级
Tomcat闪退
找到tomcat的bin目录下的catalina.bat配置文件用记事本打开查看,是否能连接到java环境,或者添加pause语句查找问题
E:/JavaWeb/apache-tomcat-9.0.33/bin
IDEA中每次都要重复配置Maven
不用进项目,在IDEA右下角点击configure进去配置
在IDEA中的全局默认配置中去配置
Maven项目中Tomcat无法配置
maven默认web项目中的web.xml版本问题
替换为webapp4.0版本和tomcat一致
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0"
         metadata-complete="true">
</web-app> Maven仓库的使用(搜索相关jar包)
地址: https://mvnrepository.com/
搜索jar包依据:
 import java.io.  ; 
 import javax.servlet.  ; 
 import javax.servlet.http.*; 
 
 
Source Code for HelloWorld Example
import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
public class HelloWorld extends HttpServlet {
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    throws IOException, ServletException
    {
        response.setContentType("text/html");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println("<html>");
        out.println("<head>");
        out.println("<title>Hello World!</title>");
        out.println("</head>");
        out.println("<body>");
        out.println("<h1>Hello World!</h1>");
        out.println("</body>");
        out.println("</html>");
    }
}