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maven

Maven

mvn -Dmaven.test.skip=true -U clean install

mvn clean package -U (强制拉一次)

mvn archetype:create-from-project

mvn archetype:generate -DarchetypeCatalog=local

mvn dependency:tree

mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true -Ptest

认识Maven

优势

约定优于配置
简单
测试支持
构建简单
CI
插件丰富

下载

https://maven.apache.org/down...

安装

maven-model-builder-3.6.0.jar/org/apache/maven/model

文件分析

自己的classloader

maven

所有自己的仓库配置

maven

超级父pom

maven

配置 MVM_HOME

Windows path
Linux .bash_profile
- export M2_HOME=/Users/xx/tools/apache/apache-maven-3.6.0
MAVEN_OPTS

配置setting.xml

<mirror>
    <id>alimaven</id>
    <name>aliyun maven</name>
   <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
    <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>ui</id>
<mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
<name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name>
<url>http://uk.maven.org/maven2/</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>osc</id>
<mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
<url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/</url>
</mirror>
<mirror>
<id>osc_thirdparty</id>
<mirrorOf>thirdparty</mirrorOf>
<url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/repositories/thirdparty/</url>
</mirror>

maven

Pom

groupId

一般是域名反写

com.zzjson

artfactId

功能命名

version

版本号

packaging

打包方式默认是jar

dependencyManagement

只能出现在父pom

统一版本号

声明 (子POM里用到再引)

Dependency

Type 默认jar

scope

compile

默认

编译（maven编译整个项目）

例如spring-core

test

测试

provided

编译例如 servlet,tomcat已经有了

打包不会打进去，相当于compile但是在打包阶段做了exclude操作

runtime

运行时例如JDBC驱动实现

system

本地一些jar 例如短信jar

依赖传递

compile:编译依赖范围，在编译，测试，运行时都需要。

test: 测试依赖范围，测试时需要。编译和运行不需要。如Junit

runtime: 运行时依赖范围，测试和运行时需要。编译不需要。如JDBC驱动包

provided:已提供依赖范围，编译和测试时需要。运行时不需要。如servlet-api

system:系统依赖范围。本地依赖，不在maven中央仓库。

第一列表示直接依赖的scope，第一行表示间接依赖的scope

	compile	test	provided	runtime
compile	compile	-	-	runtime
test	test	-	-	test
provided	provided	-	provided	provided
runtime	runtime	-	-	runtime

依赖仲裁

mvn dependency:tree

如果都定义了版本，那么以最近的为准

最短路径原则

加载先后原则

exclusions

排除包

生命周期

clean 清理项目
```
pre-clean
clean
post-clean
```
default
Site

lifecycle/phase/goal

1.A Build Lifecycle is Made Up of Phases

一个生命周期由多个phase组成的

2.A Build Phase is Made Up of Plugin Goals

一个phases是由多个goals组成的

生命周期运行会从前往后

maven

版本管理

1.0-SNAPSHOT

i. repository 删除

ii. mvn clean package -U (强制拉一次)

主版本号.次版本号.增量版本号-<里程碑版本>

1.0.0-RELAESE

常用命令

compile
clean 删除target/
test test case junit/testNG
package 打包

<plugins>
     <plugin>
         <artifactId>plugin</artifactId>
         <groupId>com.zzjson</groupId>
         <version>1.1</version>
         <configuration>
             <msg>
                 ddd
             </msg>
             <list>
                 <list>
                     d
                 </list>
                 <list>
                     d1
                 </list>
             </list>
         </configuration>
         <executions>
             <execution>
                 <phase>package</phase>
                 <goals>
                     <goal>myplugin</goal>
                 </goals>
             </execution>
         </executions>
     </plugin>
 </plugins>

install 把项目install到local repo
deploy 发本地jar发布到remote

插件

常用插件

https://maven.apache.org/plug...
http://www.mojohaus.org/plugi...
findbugs 静态代码检查

versions 统一升级版本号

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
    <artifactId>versions-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.3</version>
</plugin>

http://www.mojohaus.org/versions-maven-plugin/index.html

mvn versions:set -DnewVersion=1.1-SNAPSHOT

source 打包源代码

<plugin>
    <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.3</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>attach-sources</id>
            <phase>install</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>jar-no-fork</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

assembly 打包zip、war

<plugin>
    <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.0</version>
    <configuration>
        <archive>
            <manifest>
                <mainClass>shuncom.dubbo.task.main.BootStrap</mainClass>
            </manifest>
        </archive>
        <descriptorRefs>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRefs>
    </configuration>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>make-assembly</id>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>single</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

tomcat7

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.2</version>
    <configuration>
        <port>8080</port>
        <path>/</path>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

自定义插件

https://maven.apache.org/guides/plugin/guide-java-plugin-development.html

<packaging>maven-plugin</packaging>

导入依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-plugin-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugin-tools</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-plugin-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>3.5</version>
        </dependency>

extends AbstractMojo

mvn install

参数传递

Profile

使用场景 dev/test/pro

setting.xml 家和公司两套

仓库

下载

http://books.sonatype.com/nex...

访问地址

http://lohost:8081/nexus （自带jetty）

admin/admin123

内容配置

Type:

依赖jar包的方式

group

把group作为合集提供,挨个jar去仓库查找

hosted

本地的

三方的

阿里短信jar包

released

snapshosts

proxy

当maven dependce本地仓库没有找到，私服也没有，则去下载，从远端下载到私服

发布

在pom.xml配置

<distributionManagement>
    <repository>
        <id>repo-mirrors</id>
        <name>center-repository</name>
        <url>http://uk.maven.org/maven2</url>
    </repository>
    <snapshotRepository>
        <id>repo-mirrors</id>
        <name>center-repository</name>
        <url>http://uk.maven.org/maven2</url>
    </snapshotRepository>
</distributionManagement>

mvn deploy

下载jar配置

配置mirror
Profile

archetype 模版化

生成一个archetype

mvn archetype:create-from-project

进入目录

cd /target/generated-sources/archetype

mvn install

b) 从archetype创建项目

mvn archetype:generate -DarchetypeCatalog=local

Profile

配置文件

<profiles>
    <profile>
        <id>dev</id>
        <properties>
            <profiles.active>dev</profiles.active>
        </properties>
        <activation>
            <activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault>
        </activation>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>prod</id>
        <properties>
            <profiles.active>prod</profiles.active>
        </properties>
        <activation>
            <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
        </activation>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>test</id>
        <properties>
            <profiles.active>test</profiles.active>
        </properties>
        <activation>
            <activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault>
        </activation>
    </profile>
</profiles>

<resources>
    <resource>
        <directory>${basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
        <excludes>
            <exclude>conf/**</exclude>
        </excludes>
    </resource>
    <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resources/conf/${profiles.active}</directory>
    </resource>
</resources>

代码，指定不同的环境

maven

Setting.xml

maven

<profile>
    <id>ali</id>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>nexus</id>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
                <updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy>
                <checksumPolicy>warn</checksumPolicy>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
                <updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy>
                <checksumPolicy>fail</checksumPolicy>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>nexus</id>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
                <updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy>
                <checksumPolicy>warn</checksumPolicy>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
                <checksumPolicy>fail</checksumPolicy>
                <updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy>
            </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>
</profile>
<profile>
    <id>external</id>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>repo-mirrors</id>
            <url>http://uk.maven.org/maven2</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>plugin-repo-mirror</id>
            <url>http://uk.maven.org/maven2</url>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>
</profile>

mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true -Ptest

仓库

[root@snails ~]# wget http://download.sonatype.com/nexus/3/latest-unix.tar.gz

dependencyManagement使用能够帮助我们进行子项目的版本号管理

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.zzjson.dubbo.order</groupId>
            <artifactId>order-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>