Spring Boot RowMapper教程展示了如何将ResultSet的行映射到数据载体。我们使用Java记录作为数据载体。对于本教程,我们需要JDK 14并启用预览功能。
Java记录是类的受限形式。Java的记录消除大量的样板代码,如构造器,getters,toString, hashCode和equals方法。他们是不变的。其目的是让对象成为简单的数据载体。
项目结构:
pom.xml
src
├───main
│ ├───java
│ │ └───com
│ │ └───zetcode
│ │ │ Application.java
│ │ │ MyRunner.java
│ │ ├───mapper
│ │ │ CityMapper.java
│ │ ├───model
│ │ │ City.java
│ │ └───service
│ │ CityService.java
│ │ ICityService.java
│ └───resources
│ application.properties
│ data-h2.sql
│ schema-h2.sql
└───test
└───java
Maven pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.zetcode</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringBootRowMapper</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
<java.version>14</java.version>
</properties>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<configuration>
<release>14</release>
<compilerArgs>
--enable-preview
</compilerArgs>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
RowMapper寓于 spring-boot-starter-jdbc。在maven-compiler-plugin 配置中,我们启用预览功能。
City记录:删除了典型Java模型类的大多数模板。
public record City(Long id, String name, Integer population) {
}
对应数据表结构:
CREATE TABLE cities(id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
name VARCHAR(255), population BIGINT);
下面CityMapper结果集的一行映射到City 记录。
public class CityMapper implements RowMapper<City> {
@Override
public City mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
return new City(rs.getLong("id"), rs.getString("name"), rs.getInt("population"));
}
}
将CityMapper结果集的一行映射到City 记录。由于Java记录是不可变的,并且不遵循Java Beans规范,因此我们不能使用BeanPropertyRowMapper;。我们必须创建自己的映射器。
调用:
@Service
public class CityService implements ICityService {
@Autowired
private JdbcTemplate jtm;
@Override
public List<City> findAll() {
String sql = "SELECT * FROM cities";
return jtm.query(sql, new CityMapper());
}
@Override
public City findById(Long id) {
String sql = "SELECT * FROM cities WHERE id = ?";
return jtm.queryForObject(sql, new Object[]{id},
new CityMapper());
}
}